World Anemia Awareness Day

World Anemia Awareness Day is celebrated on February 13th to raise visibility for one of the most frequent hematological conditions globally. It is characterized by a decrease in hemoglobin in the blood and, consequently, a reduction in the body's ability to transport oxygen adequately. Anemia is not a single disease but a syndrome with multiple causes, including nutritional deficiencies (mainly iron), infections, chronic diseases, and hereditary disorders. The appropriate approach depends on its cause but usually involves dietary improvements, specific supplementation, and treatment of underlying diseases. The impact of anemia transcends the clinical sphere and is reflected in cognitive development, school performance, work productivity, and maternal and child health risk. Globally, anemia disproportionately affects girls, boys, women of reproductive age, and people with chronic diseases, especially in contexts of poverty and limited access to health services. This day aims to reinforce strategies for detection, nutritional education, and equitable access to treatment. Specialists warn that although in many cases it is preventable and treatable, the lack of timely diagnosis perpetuates a cycle of chronic fatigue, reduced physical and intellectual performance, increased susceptibility to infections, and complications during pregnancy. Early detection through simple laboratory studies allows anemia to be identified in its initial stages. The worldwide commemoration invites governments, health institutions, health professionals, and civil society to prioritize its detection, prevention, and treatment with a comprehensive and sustained approach.