The Senate approved one of the first reforms proposed by President Claudia Sheinbaum: substantive equality for women, which will now be included in the Political Constitution. In the Senate of the Republic, 124 votes were in favor and one vote against, as well as unanimity of 126 votes in favor in particular.
Substantive equality establishes the observance of the principle of gender parity in the appointment of heads in public administration, as well as mechanisms to reduce the gender wage gap. Thus, constitutional articles 4, first paragraph; 21, ninth paragraph; 41, second paragraph; 73, section XXI, penultimate paragraph; 116, section IX; 122, subsection a, section X, and 123, subsections a, section vii, and b, section V are modified, and a final paragraph is added to article 4 and a second paragraph to section IX of article 116.
The project was forwarded to local congresses for analysis; it must be approved by the majority of the parliaments of the entities and the City of Mexico.
In the modification of the article, historical inequalities between women and men are recognized, thereby establishing the right to substantive equality. Changes are added to constitutional article 21, which states that public security institutions will adjust their actions to a gender perspective.
The modification in article 41 establishes the obligation of gender parity in public administration, at both federal and state levels. Regarding article 73, section XXI is changed in the last paragraph, where it is stated that the Federation will deal with Protection Measures arising from gender violence or common law crimes due to gender.
Article 116 stipulates that state prosecutor's offices must have Prosecutor's Offices for the investigation of crimes based on gender. The issue of the wage gap between men and women will be 'combated' with changes in article 123, establishing that labor laws should include measures aimed at eradicating it.
It details that the Gender Wage Gap is defined, to subsequently issue the national policy aimed at eradicating it and, in addition, foster women's access to job opportunities.
