Nine titles have been added to the Mexican Constitution, which ironically ends with one dedicated to the inviolability of the Constitution itself. In the most recent version on the website of the Chamber of Deputies, the constitutional text consists of 393 pages, of which 237 are transitional articles from the reforms made since 1993, a little over 30 years ago.
This date is significant as it marks the beginning of several public institutions that would gain constitutional autonomy, such as the Federal Electoral Institute (IFE-INE), which quickly established conditions for competitive elections and alternation in power. Since then, the relationships between the Executive and Judicial branches have been broken.
On page 363, the reforms begin with the legislative majority of Morena, thus occupying the last 30 pages of the document. On this date, a reform of the Federal Judiciary was also announced. The resolution of the full Supreme Court in April regarding the National Guard marked a turning point, according to statements from Minister Piña.
The Political Constitution of the United Mexican States has 136 articles in 156 pages, although the addition of at least 5 more with 19 transitional articles is expected. It is curious to note the numerical coincidences: 1993, 333, 363, 393. At a scheduled event on February 5, 2023, in Querétaro, commemorating the promulgation of the CPEUM, the president of the Supreme Court of Justice (SCJ) did not stand up to greet then-President AMLO, which generated a complaint from the current president Sheinbaum.
More than two hundred pages of the document contain the transitional articles of the reforms that led to the creation of various institutions such as the National Human Rights Commission (CNDH), the National Institute for Educational Evaluation, among others. The transitional articles of the constitutional reforms approved during Morena's government begin on page 333, occupying the next 60 pages.
